鍏充簬闂ㄥ皢鐨勯棶棰橈紝鐜板湪鑸掓鍒囧皵鍗沖皢騫存弧30錛屽穮宄拌繕鍦紝瑕佺煡閬9騫寸殑璇哄潕鏅榪圭殑鏃跺欙紝35宀佺殑鑸掓鍒囧皵榪樻槸鏇艱仈涓誨姏闂ㄥ皢銆傝屽崱鎭╃幇鍦3宀侊紝榪囧幓鑲畾鏄姹備富鍔涗綅緗紝22宀佺殑娌冨厠涔熷參鍏笟涓氬湴鎷呬換絎簩闂ㄥ皢銆傝嚜浠庤禌瀛d腑鏈熺殑闃挎硶浜夋潈鐨勪簨鎯呭彂鐢熶箣鍚庯紝鍙舵槑緲頒篃寮濮嬫敞鎰忕悆闃熷唴鐨勫緩璁鵑棶棰樸侟br>浠ヨ嫳鏍煎叞鐞冨憳涓轟富宸茬粡鏈夌偣闅句簡(jiǎn)錛岄┈甯冪壒32宀佷簡(jiǎn)錛岄愭笎浼?xì)尜E鍑轟富鍔涢樀瀹癸紝椴佸鍏嬭漿浼?xì)鍒╃墿驵愩€佸笗鍏嬭漿浼?xì)鏇艰仈恽銇澶氶噷鎴堝彲鑳藉幷d埄鍏硅仈銆佺惣鏂鍒掕繑鍥炴俯甯冨皵鐧匯佸姞鏂鍥犲凡緇忔彁鍑烘兂瑕佸幓鎰忕敳闂崱銆佽幈鍥犲厠灝?dāng)涓嬪畾鍐冲績(jī)杩滆殿C簹媧插姞鐩熸棩鏈悆闃燂紝棰囨湁鐐瑰洖褰掑師鍘嗗彶鐨勬劅瑙夈侟br>鐜板湪涔熶笉鏂逛究鑰冭檻榪欎簺錛岀儹鍒烘渶閲嶈鐨勮繕鏄厛鎷夸笅嬈y啝鍐犲啗錛佸弻鏂規(guī)棭鏃╁氨鍏竷浜?jiǎn)棣栧彂鍚嶅崟锛岀儹鍒簶q欒竟錛岃垝姊呭垏灝?dāng)锛屽峜礇鏂侀┈甯冪壒銆佸痙濉炲埄銆佽惃鍐呰拏錛岄浄涓滃銆佺惣鏂佸姞鏂鍥犮侀┈鎷夊綰籌紝甯屽嫆銆佸潕閫氱撼銆侟br>ac綾沖叞涓繪暀緇冨崱浣╃綏鍒欐槸4-4-2闃靛錛7宀侀棬灝嗗宸存柉钂傚畨路緗楄タ錛屽悗闃茬嚎24宀佸乏鍚庡崼淇濈綏路椹皵钂傚凹銆2宀佷腑鍗紬鏈楀摜路宸撮浄瑗挎惌妗6宀佺殑浜氬巻灞卞痙緗椔風(fēng)鏂搴撳銆2宀佸彸鍚庡崼姣涚綏路濉旂儲(chǔ)钂傦紝29宀佽嵎鍏頒漢寮楀叞鍏嬄烽噷鏉板崱灝?dāng)瀵d涓0宀佸皬灝嗗痙姊呯壒緗楀ゥ路闃垮皵璐濊拏灝煎潗闀囦腑鍦猴紝宸﹁竟鏄8宀佺殑緗椾集鎵樎峰綰沖灝鹼紝鍙寵竟鍒欐槸23宀佸ぉ鎵嶅悏瀹夎礬鏄撳悏路浼﹁拏灝鹼紝鍙屽墠閿7宀佺殑鑽峰叞紲為攱椹皵縐懧瘋寖路宸存柉婊曚笌31宀佽佸皢杈懼凹鍩冭幈路椹惃緗椼侟br>浠庡弻鏂圭殑鐞冨憳閰嶇疆鏉ヨ錛岀背鍏扮湡涓嶆曠儹鍒恒傚垰鍒氶犲氨58鍦轟笉璐ョ榪圭殑綾沖叞鍚庨槻綰垮牚縐頒笘鐣岀涓錛涗腑鍦烘柟闈紝闃垮皵璐濊拏灝兼湭鏉ヤ笌闆蜂笢澶氥佺摐榪ゥ鎷夈佷繚緗椔風(fēng)儲(chǔ)钀ㄥ悎縐板洓澶y彜鍏稿悗鑵幫紝澶氱撼澶氬凹涓庝雞钂傚凹閮芥槸杈硅礬濂芥墜錛涜嵎鍏頒笁鍓戝涓紝涓嶈繃鍙ゅ埄鐗逛笉鍙楀崱浣╃綏寰呰錛岃寖宸存柉婊曠敱浜庝激鐥咃紝宸茬粡鍑虹幇鐘舵佷笅婊戯紝29宀佺殑鍙ゅ埄鐗規(guī)鍊煎穮宄幫紝姝e父涔熻瀹夋帓鍙ゅ埄鐗歸鍙戯紝緇撴灉鍥烘墽鐨勫崱浣╃綏渚濇棫娌c湁鐞嗕細(xì)濯掍綋鍜岀悆榪風(fēng)殑鍛煎悂銆侟br>鏈満姣旇禌錛岃侀浄甯︾潃鐑埡鏁欑粌緇勫仛鍑轟簡(jiǎn)鍏呰凍鐨勫噯澶囷紝榪愬姩鎴樻槸寰堥毦鏀葷牬綾沖叞澶ч棬錛屾墍浠ユ暀緇冪粍鐗規(guī)剰寮哄寲浜?jiǎn)瀹氫綅鐞冭缁冦€傚綋鐒?dòng)灱岄槻瀹堝畾浣嶇悆涔熸槸鐑埡鐨勫嫁q偣錛屾濂藉彲浠ユ斁涓璧風(fēng)粌緇冦侟br>鏈満姣旇禌涓昏鍒ゆ槸42宀佺殑鐟炲＋浜哄簱灝?dāng)鐗孤肪|楁柉鍒╀集鏍鹼紝鎱曞凹榛戠悆鍦烘誨叡鏈変漢鍒板満瑙傛垬鈥斺旂湡鐨勬槸搴ф棤铏氬腑銆侟br>璐濆崲鏂灝煎拰鍔犲埄浜氬凹涔熷埌浜?jiǎn)鐜板満锛岒q朵笖鍦ㄨ禌鍓嶄笌鍙舵槑緲扮瓑浜鴻浜?jiǎn)涓€闈??傝タ灝?dāng)缁村ゥ炉偞濆?柉縐戝凹錛屽嚭鐢熶簬1936騫達(dá)紝鐜板勾57宀侊紝浠栧嚭鐢熶簬涓涓腑浜ч樁綰y搴紝24宀佸紑濮嬩粠浜嬪緩絳戜笟錛6宀佹垚绔嬬涓瀹跺叕鍙糕斺旂背鍏拌仈鍚堝伐鍦幫紝1978騫村紑濮嬪垱鍔炶垂瀹侀煢鏂壒闆嗗洟錛岃漿鍚戜紶濯掑拰鐢?shù)璁笟锛屽厛鏄帶鑲°€婁粖鏃ユ姤銆嬨佸垱鍔炴剰澶y埄絎竴瀹剁浜虹數(shù)瑙嗗彴鈥棰戦亾鈥濓紝涔嬪悗鍙堥檰緇拱涓嬫剰澶y埄1鍜岀數(shù)瑙鍙扮瓑錛986騫存垚涓篴c綾沖叞淇變箰閮ㄤ富甯侟br>璐濆崲鏂灝間拱涓媋c綾沖叞涔嬪悗錛岃鏉ヤ簡(jiǎn)钀ㄥ熀浣滀負(fù)涓繪暀緇冿紝1987-88騫撮檰緇拱鏉ヨ嵎鍏頒笁鍓戝錛岀劧鍚988騫村ず寰楁剰鐢插啝鍐涳紝1989騫寸櫥欏舵鍐狅紝鍚屽勾鏀朵笅嬈ф床瓚呯駭鏉拰鎰忓ぇ鍒╄秴綰ф澂錛990騫村崼鍐曟媧插啝鍐涙澂銆佹媧茶秴綰ф澂錛屽茍涓旀嬁璧頒赴鐢版澂銆991騫村洜涓哄闃甸┈璧涚殑緗4禌浜嬩歡錛岀背鍏頒笉浠呰鍒ょ綒杈撶悆鍑哄眬錛岃繕琚姝1弬鍔犳媧茶禌浜嬩竴騫淬備箣鍚庤惃鍩虹浠伙紝鍗′僵緗楁垚涓轟簡(jiǎn)綾沖叞涓繪暀緇冿紝浜庢槸鏈変簡(jiǎn)涓嶈觸澶哄啝璺8鍦轟笉璐ャ侟br>鐜板湪鐨勮礉鍗2柉縐戝凹榪樺彧鏄湪鍟嗕笟鏈夋墍鎴愬氨錛岃繕娌″紑濮嬫寮忚繘鍐涙斂鍧涳紝璐濆崲鏂灝艱鍒板彾鏄庣堪涔嬪悗錛屽厛鏄〃杈句簡(jiǎn)瀵瑰彾鏄庣堪騫磋交鏈変負(fù)鐨勬璧忥紝涔熷鐑埡鎰挎剰鎶婂崱綰崇摝緗楀崠緇欑背鍏拌〃紺烘劅璋??傝礉鍗2柉縐戝凹涔熺◢寰彁浜?jiǎn)涓€涓嬮┈鎷夊綰沖拰鍗″凹鍚変簹鏄惁鏈夎繑鍥炴剰澶y埄韙3悆鐨勬効鏈涳紝涓嶈繃鍙舵槑緲扮帺鍛沖湴鐪嬩簡(jiǎn)涓鐪艱佽礉錛岃浠栬絎戠潃杞Щ浜?jiǎn)璇濋恽銇黚r>鍙舵槑緲頒篃涓嶆兂涓庤礉鍗2柉縐戝凹闂瑰嚭鐭涚浘鈥斺旀瘯绔熶篃鏄互鍚庣殑鎰忓ぇ鍒╂葷悊涓嶆槸錛熶笉鍍忓鐨偅瀹朵紮錛鏈0鏃ラ┈璧涘闃電摝鏈楁n璁風(fēng)殑姣旇禌錛屼負(fù)浜?jiǎn)纭繚澶哄啝锛屽鐨畼q樻槸涔伴氫簡(jiǎn)涓夊悕鐡︽湕姒鐞冨憳鏀炬按錛岀粨鏋滃氨鏄鏅媺钂傚凹閫釜姝g潃錛屾櫘鎷夎拏灝間篃娌c湁澹板紶錛岃屾槸緇x畫鏀墮泦鏇村畬鍠勭殑璇佹嵁閾撅紝鍑嗗涓涓鵑敜姝誨鐨傜溂鐪嬪嵆灝嗗紑璧涳紝璐濆崲鏂灝煎拰鍔犲埄浜氬凹鍛婅緸紱誨紑銆侟br>姣旇禌鎸夋椂寮璧涳紝鍏堝紑鐞冪殑鏄儹鍒恒傛湰鏉ョ儹鍒鴻鍒掑厛緇欑背鍏版潵涓嚭鍏朵笉鎰忥紝闆蜂笢澶氭帴鍒扮毊鐞冨悗灝遍暱浼犲乏鍓嶆柟錛屽崱媧涙柉楂橀熷墠鎻掞紝涓嶈繃綾沖叞鐨勯挗絳嬫販鍑濆湡闃茬嚎宀傛槸嫻緱铏氬悕錛熻交鏉懼氨鎶婄悆鎺t笅錛岃鐑埡鏃犲姛鑰岃繑銆侟br>絎鍒嗛挓錛屽潕閫氱撼鍓嶅満宸﹁礬鎷夎竟璇曞浘紿佺牬琚绱4拏閾插掞紝浠繪剰鐞冮┈鎷夊綰寵瘯鍥懼紑鍑烘垬鏈紝鎶婄悆妯紶紱佸尯鍓嶆部錛岃窡涓婄殑椹竷鐗圭洿鎺ヨ搗鑴氳繙灝勮綾沖叞鎸″嚭錛屼笉榪囪竟瑁佺ず鎰忛┈甯冪壒灝勯棬鏃剁儹鍒轟笉灝戠悆鍛樿秺浣嶃侟br>1鍒嗛挓鍚庯紝椹皵钂傚凹鍔╂敾涓婂墠錛屽痙濉炲埄鍦ㄥ彸璺斁鍊掑鏂癸紝闃垮皵璐濊拏灝煎紑鍑轟換鎰忕悆錛岄噷鏉板崱灝?dāng)瀵d鍚庣偣澶寸悆鏀婚棬鍋忓嚭鍚庨棬鏌憋紝鍙屾柟涓寮鍦哄氨鍚勮嚜瀹屾垚涓鑴氬皠闂紒
絎鍒嗛挓錛岀背鍏板嵎鍦熼噸鏉ワ紝宸撮浄瑗挎嫤鎴姞鏂鍥犵殑澶寸悆鎽嗘浮錛岄樋灝?dāng)璐濊拏灏间腑鍦堝洖鏁插Q屽反闆瘋タ闀夸紶銆傚綰沖灝煎ご鐞冩憜娓★紝宸存柉婊曢『鍔垮仛鍑烘挒澧欓厤鍚堛傚綰沖灝奸棯寮浜?jiǎn)鐞兼柉鐨勬粦閾插Q岃嚜宸卞甫鐞冩潃鍚戠儹鍒鴻吂鍦般侟br>鍦ㄥ惛寮曚簡(jiǎn)钀ㄥ唴钂傜殑闃插畧涔嬪悗錛屽綰沖灝兼ュ仠鍥炶韓錛岀劧鍚庝紶涓紒寰峰鍒╁ご鐞冭В鍥存病鑳介《榪滐紝浼﹁拏灝兼姠鍏堝ご鐞冮《鍏ョ鍖哄彸渚э紝宸存柉婊曞墠鎻掞紝鎵涗綇寰峰鍒╀箣鍚庝紶涓紝灝忕鍖哄乏渚э紝鍐烽潰闃庣綏椹惃緗楀悜鍚庤穬璧峰ご鐞冩敾闂紒涓嶈繃鐨悆鍦ㄩ棬鍓嶅脊璧鳳紝婊戦棬鑰屽嚭銆傝繖鐞冧紶寰楁湁鐐瑰ぇ錛屼笉鐒墮┈钀ㄧ綏鏈轟細(xì)寰堝ソ銆侟br>絎鍒嗛挓錛岀儹鍒洪櫓浜涘弽鍑葷牬闂紒涓満闆蜂笢澶氬拷鐒朵竴璁頒笂鎶紝閲屾澃鍗″皵寰風(fēng)対涓嶅強(qiáng)闃蹭箣涓嬬毊鐞冭闆蜂笢澶氳涪璧幫紝甯屽嫆欏哄娍鍓嶆彃鍙嶈秺浣嶅艦鎴愬崟鍒錛佷笉榪囧悗闃茬嚎涓婄鏂搴撳鍥為槻榪呴燂紝甯屽嫆韙忓叆紱佸尯綰夸竴姝ラ『鍔挎墦闂ㄥお姝o紝琚綏瑗挎墤鍑恒侟br>絎鍒嗛挓錛岀背鍏扮悆鍛樻墦鍑洪粯濂戦厤鍚堬紝閲屾澃鍗″皵寰蜂腑鍦哄拷鐒墮暱浼狅紝椹惃緗楀墠鎻掓潃鍏ョ鍖哄噯澶囨帴鐞冿紝鎵騫歌垝姊呭垏灝?dāng)鍙?qiáng)鏃跺嚭鍑誨寲瑙i櫓鎯呫侟br>1鍒嗛挓涓嶅埌錛岄┈鎷夊綰沖墠鍦哄彸璺宸撮浄瑗挎斁鍊掞紝铏界劧浠繪剰鐞冪綒鍏ョ鍖鴻綾沖叞瑙e洿錛屼絾鏄富緗氱殑鑰侀┈鎷垮埌钀界偣鐞冿紝鎺ョ潃鍐嶆闀夸紶鍒板姬欏訛紝鍧庨氱撼鍙嶈窇鑳擱儴鍋滅悆鍚庨『鍔挎潃鍏ョ鍖猴紝緗楄タ鍑哄嚮錛屽潕閫氱撼鎶1厛鎸戝皠錛佸彧鏄渶緇堝亸鍑恒侟br>涔嬪悗涓孌墊椂闂達(dá)紝綾沖叞鏇村叿浼樺娍銆傜10鍒嗛挓錛岀背鍏拌幏寰楀彸渚ц鐞冩満浼?xì)锛屽绾冲灏煎饥沐叆绂佸尯锛岄┈灏旇拏灏煎ご鐞冩敾闂ńE嶇◢楂樺嚭妯銆侟br>絎6鍒嗛挓錛屽绱4拏涓満鍙寵礬閫佸嚭鏂滈暱浼犲埌紱佸尯錛岄┈钀ㄧ綏寰楃悆鍚庤椹竷鐗圭籂緙狅紝浜庢槸浠栭夋嫨鐢ㄨ剼鍚庤窡紓曠粰韜悗鐨勫反鏂粫錛屽悗鑰呰漿韜敥寮鐞兼柉宸﹁剼鎵撻棬錛岃垝姊呭垏灝?dāng)绔嬩笅澶у姛锛尀畣鐞冩尅鍑恒€侟br>1鍒嗛挓鍚庯紝鍙堟槸濉旂儲(chǔ)钂傚悓鏍風(fēng)殑鏂瑰紡浼犵悆鍒扮鍖猴紝宸存柉婊曡兏閮ㄥ仠鐞冨悗欏哄娍鐢╁紑鐩槻鐨勯┈甯冪壒錛屽乏鑴氬皬瑙掑害鎵撻棬錛岃垝姊呭垏灝?dāng)鎶婄悆鍙屾墜鎷﹀嚭恽銇黚r>s